Prymachenko’s works were inspired by Ukrainian, and in particular Polesian, folk traditions. They include references to the natural world and to fairy tales. During the 1930s, she made a transition from embroidery to painting, and her works from this period are painted onto white backgrounds. Her bold and expressive linework was developing and she was combining traditional Ukrainian motifs in new ways. During the 1960s to 1980s, her style continued to develop, with paintings having an increasingly vibrant color palette and a new choice of bright backgrounds for her works.

The Ivankiv Historical and Local History Museum, where many works by Prymachenko had been held, was burned during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, with the supposed loss of 25 of her works. However, according to a social media post by journalist Tanya Goncharova, local people were able to save some of Prymachenko’s works from the fire.